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Introduction
1.2 Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
1.1 What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important?
1.3 How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues
1.4 How Economies Can Be Organized: An Overview of Economic Systems
Introduction to Choice in a World of Scarcity
2.1 How Individuals Make Choices Based on Their Budget Constraint
2.2 The Production Possibilities Frontier and Social Choices
2.3 Confronting Objections to the Economic Approach
Introduction to Demand and Supply
3.1 Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium in Markets for Goods and Services
3.2 Shifts in Demand and Supply for Goods and Services
3.3 Changes in Equilibrium Price and Quantity: The Four-Step Process
3.4 Price Ceilings and Price Floors
3.5 Demand, Supply, and Efficiency
Introduction to Labor and Financial Markets
4.1 Demand and Supply at Work in Labor Markets
4.2 Demand and Supply in Financial Markets
4.3 The Market System as an Efficient Mechanism for Information
Introduction to Elasticity
5.1 Price Elasticity of Demand and Price Elasticity of Supply
5.2 Polar Cases of Elasticity and Constant Elasticity
5.3 Elasticity and Pricing
5.4 Elasticity in Areas Other Than Price
Introduction to Consumer Choices
6.1 Consumption Choices
6.2 How Changes in Income and Prices Affect Consumption Choices
6.3 Labor-Leisure Choices
6.4 Intertemporal Choices in Financial Capital Markets
Introduction to Cost and Industry Structure
7.1 Explicit and Implicit Costs, and Accounting and Economic Profit
7.2 The Structure of Costs in the Short Run
7.3 The Structure of Costs in the Long Run
Introduction to Perfect Competition
8.1 Perfect Competition and Why It Matters
8.2 How Perfectly Competitive Firms Make Output Decisions
8.3 Entry and Exit Decisions in the Long Run
8.4 Efficiency in Perfectly Competitive Markets
Introduction to a Monopoly
9.1 How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
9.2 How a Profit-Maximizing Monopoly Chooses Output and Price
Introduction to Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly
10.1 Monopolistic Competition
10.2 Oligopoly
Introduction to Monopoly and Antitrust Policy
11.1 Corporate Mergers
11.2 Regulating Anticompetitive Behavior
11.3 Regulating Natural Monopolies
11.4 The Great Deregulation Experiment
Introduction to Environmental Protection and Negative Externalities
12.1 The Economics of Pollution
12.2 Command-and-Control Regulation
12.3 Market-Oriented Environmental Tools
12.4 The Benefits and Costs of U.S. Environmental Laws
12.5 International Environmental Issues
12.6 The Tradeoff between Economic Output and Environmental Protection
Introduction to Positive Externalities and Public Goods
13.1 Why the Private Sector Under Invests in Innovation
13.2 How Governments Can Encourage Innovation
13.3 Public Goods
Introduction to Poverty and Economic Inequality
14.1 Drawing the Poverty Line
14.2 The Poverty Trap
14.3 The Safety Net
14.4 Income Inequality: Measurement and Causes
14.5 Government Policies to Reduce Income Inequality
Introduction to Issues in Labor Markets: Unions, Discrimination, Immigration
15.1 Unions
15.2 Employment Discrimination
15.3 Immigration
Introduction to Information, Risk, and Insurance
16.1 The Problem of Imperfect Information and Asymmetric Information
16.2 Insurance and Imperfect Information
Introduction to Financial Markets
17.1 How Businesses Raise Financial Capital
17.2 How Households Supply Financial Capital
17.3 How to Accumulate Personal Wealth
Introduction to Public Economy
18.1 Voter Participation and Costs of Elections
18.2 Special Interest Politics
18.3 Flaws in the Democratic System of Government
Introduction to International Trade
19.1 Absolute and Comparative Advantage
19.2 What Happens When a Country Has an Absolute Advantage in All Goods
19.3 Intra-industry Trade between Similar Economies
19.4 The Benefits of Reducing Barriers to International Trade
Introduction to Globalization and Protectionism
20.1 Protectionism: An Indirect Subsidy from Consumers to Producers
20.2 International Trade and Its Effects on Jobs, Wages, and Working Conditions
20.3 Arguments in Support of Restricting Imports
20.4 How Trade Policy Is Enacted: Globally, Regionally, and Nationally
20.5 The Tradeoffs of Trade Policy
Appendix
Appendix A: The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics
Appendix B: Indifference Curves
Appendix C: Present Discounted Value
Appendix D: The Expenditure-Output Model
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Principles of Microeconomics - Hawaii Edition by John Lynham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.